Ephesians 4:22

4:22 You were taught with reference to your former way of life to lay aside ¹  the old man who is being corrupted in accordance with deceitful desires,

Mark 4:19

4:19 but ²  worldly cares, the seductiveness of wealth, ³  and the desire for other things come in and choke the word, ⁴  and it produces nothing.

John 8:44

8:44 You people ⁵  are from ⁶  your father the devil, and you want to do what your father desires. ⁷  He ⁸  was a murderer from the beginning, and does not uphold the truth, ⁹  because there is no truth in him. Whenever he lies, ¹⁰  he speaks according to his own nature, ¹¹  because he is a liar and the father of lies. ¹² 

Romans 1:24

1:24 Therefore God gave them over ¹³  in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor ¹⁴  their bodies among themselves. ¹⁵ 

Romans 6:12

6:12 Therefore do not let sin reign in your mortal body so that you obey its desires,

Romans 13:14

13:14 Instead, put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh to arouse its desires. ¹⁶ 

Galatians 5:16-24

5:16 But I say, live ¹⁷  by the Spirit and you will not carry out the desires of the flesh. ¹⁸  5:17 For the flesh has desires that are opposed to the Spirit, and the Spirit has desires ¹⁹  that are opposed to the flesh, for these are in opposition to ²⁰  each other, so that you cannot do what you want. 5:18 But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law. 5:19 Now the works of the flesh ²¹  are obvious: ²²  sexual immorality, impurity, depravity, 5:20 idolatry, sorcery, ²³  hostilities, ²⁴  strife, ²⁵  jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish rivalries, dissensions, ²⁶  factions, 5:21 envying, ²⁷  murder, ²⁸  drunkenness, carousing, ²⁹  and similar things. I am warning you, as I had warned you before: Those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God!

5:22 But the fruit of the Spirit ³⁰  is love, ³¹  joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, ³²  5:23 gentleness, and ³³  self-control. Against such things there is no law. 5:24 Now those who belong to Christ ³⁴  have crucified the flesh ³⁵  with its passions ³⁶  and desires.

Galatians 5:1

Freedom of the Believer

5:1 For freedom ³⁷  Christ has set us free. Stand firm, then, and do not be subject again to the yoke ³⁸  of slavery.

Galatians 6:9

6:9 So we must not grow weary ³⁹  in doing good, for in due time we will reap, if we do not give up. ⁴⁰ 

James 4:1-3

Passions and Pride

4:1 Where do the conflicts and where ⁴¹  do the quarrels among you come from? Is it not from this, ⁴²  from your passions that battle inside you? ⁴³  4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask; 4:3 you ask and do not receive because you ask wrongly, so you can spend it on your passions.

James 4:1

Passions and Pride

4:1 Where do the conflicts and where ⁴⁴  do the quarrels among you come from? Is it not from this, ⁴⁵  from your passions that battle inside you? ⁴⁶ 

James 1:14

1:14 But each one is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desires.

James 2:11

2:11 For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” ⁴⁷  also said, “Do not murder.” ⁴⁸  Now if you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a violator of the law.

James 4:2

4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask;

James 4:2

4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask;

James 2:18

2:18 But someone will say, “You have faith and I have works.” ⁴⁹  Show me your faith without works and I will show you faith by ⁵⁰  my works.

James 2:1

Prejudice and the Law of Love

2:1 My brothers and sisters, ⁵¹  do not show prejudice ⁵²  if you possess faith ⁵³  in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ. ⁵⁴ 

James 2:16

2:16 and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, keep warm and eat well,” but you do not give them what the body needs, ⁵⁵  what good is it?

Jude 1:16-18

1:16 These people are grumblers and ⁵⁶  fault-finders who go ⁵⁷  wherever their desires lead them, ⁵⁸  and they give bombastic speeches, ⁵⁹  enchanting folks ⁶⁰  for their own gain. ⁶¹ 

Exhortation to the Faithful

1:17 But you, dear friends – recall the predictions ⁶²  foretold by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ. ⁶³  1:18 For they said to you, “In the end time there will come ⁶⁴  scoffers, propelled by their own ungodly desires.” ⁶⁵ 

[4:22]  ¹ tn An alternative rendering for the infinitives in vv. 22-24 (“to lay aside… to be renewed… to put on”) is “that you have laid aside… that you are being renewed… that you have put on.” The three infinitives of vv. 22 (ἀποθέσθαι, apoqesqai), 23 (ἀνανεοῦσθαι, ananeousqai), and 24 (ἐνδύσασθαι, endusasqai), form part of an indirect discourse clause; they constitute the teaching given to the believers addressed in the letter. The problem in translation is that one cannot be absolutely certain whether they go back to indicatives in the original statement (i.e., “you have put off”) or imperatives (i.e., “put off!”). Every other occurrence of an aorist infinitive in indirect discourse in the NT goes back to an imperative, but in all of these examples the indirect discourse is introduced by a verb that implies a command. The verb διδάσκω (didaskw) in the corpus Paulinum may be used to relate the indicatives of the faith as well as the imperatives. This translation implies that the infinitives go back to imperatives, though the alternate view that they refer back to indicatives is also a plausible interpretation. For further discussion, see ExSyn 605.

[4:19]  ² tn Grk “and.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[4:19]  ³ tn Grk “the deceitfulness of riches.” Cf. BDAG 99 s.v. ἀπάτη 1, “the seduction which comes from wealth.”

[4:19]  ⁴ sn That is, their concern for spiritual things is crowded out by material things.

[8:44]  ⁵ tn The word “people” is supplied in the translation to clarify that the Greek pronoun and verb are plural.

[8:44]  ⁶ tn Many translations read “You are of your father the devil” (KJV, ASV, RSV, NASB) or “You belong to your father, the devil” (NIV), but the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek) emphasizes the idea of source or origin. Jesus said his opponents were the devil’s very offspring (a statement which would certainly infuriate them).

[8:44]  ⁷ tn Grk “the desires of your father you want to do.”

[8:44]  ⁸ tn Grk “That one” (referring to the devil).

[8:44]  ⁹ tn Grk “he does not stand in the truth” (in the sense of maintaining, upholding, or accepting the validity of it).

[8:44]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “Whenever he speaks the lie.”

[8:44]  ¹¹ tn Grk “he speaks from his own.”

[8:44]  ¹² tn Grk “because he is a liar and the father of it.”

[1:24]  ¹³ sn Possibly an allusion to Ps 81:12.

[1:24]  ¹⁴ tn The genitive articular infinitive τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι (tou atimazesqai, “to dishonor”) has been taken as (1) an infinitive of purpose; (2) an infinitive of result; or (3) an epexegetical (i.e., explanatory) infinitive, expanding the previous clause.

[1:24]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “among them.”

[13:14]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “make no provision for the flesh unto desires.”

[5:16]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “walk” (a common NT idiom for how one conducts one’s life or how one behaves).

[5:16]  ¹⁸ tn On the term “flesh” (once in this verse and twice in v. 17) see the note on the same word in Gal 5:13.

[5:17]  ¹⁹ tn The words “has desires” do not occur in the Greek text a second time, but are repeated in the translation for clarity.

[5:17]  ²⁰ tn Or “are hostile toward” (L&N 39.1).

[5:19]  ²¹ tn See the note on the word “flesh” in Gal 5:13.

[5:19]  ²² tn Or “clear,” “evident.”

[5:20]  ²³ tn Or “witchcraft.”

[5:20]  ²⁴ tn Or “enmities,” “[acts of] hatred.”

[5:20]  ²⁵ tn Or “discord” (L&N 39.22).

[5:20]  ²⁶ tn Or “discord(s)” (L&N 39.13).

[5:21]  ²⁷ tn This term is plural in Greek (as is “murder” and “carousing”), but for clarity these abstract nouns have been translated as singular.

[5:21]  ²⁸ tc ‡ φόνοι (fonoi, “murders”) is absent in such important mss as Ì⁴⁶ א B 33 81 323 945 pc sa, while the majority of mss (A C D F G Ψ 0122 0278 1739 1881 Ï lat) have the word. Although the pedigree of the mss which lack the term is of the highest degree, homoioteleuton may well explain the shorter reading. The preceding word has merely one letter difference, making it quite possible to overlook this term (φθόνοι φόνοι, fqonoi fonoi).

[5:21]  ²⁹ tn Or “revelings,” “orgies” (L&N 88.287).

[5:22]  ³⁰ tn That is, the fruit the Spirit produces.

[5:22]  ³¹ sn Another way to punctuate this is “love” followed by a colon (love: joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control). It is thus possible to read the eight characteristics following “love” as defining love.

[5:22]  ³² tn Or “reliability”; see BDAG 818 s.v. πίστις 1.a.

[5:23]  ³³ tn “And” is supplied here as a matter of English style, which normally inserts “and” between the last two elements of a list or series.

[5:24]  ³⁴ tc ‡ Some mss (א A B C P Ψ 0122¹ 0278 33 1175 1739 pc co) read “Christ Jesus” here, while many significant ones (Ì⁴⁶ D F G 0122*^,2 latt sy), as well as the Byzantine text, lack “Jesus.” The Byzantine text is especially not prone to omit the name “Jesus”; that it does so here argues for the authenticity of the shorter reading (for similar instances of probably authentic Byzantine shorter readings, see Matt 24:36 and Phil 1:14; cf. also W.-H. J. Wu, “A Systematic Analysis of the Shorter Readings in the Byzantine Text of the Synoptic Gospels” [Ph.D. diss., Dallas Theological Seminary, 2002]). On the strength of the alignment of Ì⁴⁶ with the Western and Byzantine texttypes, the shorter reading is preferred. NA²⁷ includes the word in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

[5:24]  ³⁵ tn See the note on the word “flesh” in Gal 5:13.

[5:24]  ³⁶ tn The Greek term παθήμασιν (paqhmasin, translated “passions”) refers to strong physical desires, especially of a sexual nature (L&N 25.30).

[5:1]  ³⁷ tn Translating the dative as “For freedom” shows the purpose for Christ setting us free; however, it is also possible to take the phrase in the sense of means or instrument (“with [or by] freedom”), referring to the freedom mentioned in 4:31 and implied throughout the letter.

[5:1]  ³⁸ sn Here the yoke figuratively represents the burdensome nature of slavery.

[6:9]  ³⁹ tn Or “not become discouraged,” “not lose heart” (L&N 25.288).

[6:9]  ⁴⁰ tn Or “if we do not become extremely weary,” “if we do not give out,” “if we do not faint from exhaustion” (L&N 23.79).

[4:1]  ⁴¹ tn The word “where” is repeated in Greek for emphasis.

[4:1]  ⁴² tn Grk “from here.”

[4:1]  ⁴³ tn Grk “in your members [i.e., parts of the body].”

[4:1]  ⁴⁴ tn The word “where” is repeated in Greek for emphasis.

[4:1]  ⁴⁵ tn Grk “from here.”

[4:1]  ⁴⁶ tn Grk “in your members [i.e., parts of the body].”

[2:11]  ⁴⁷ sn A quotation from Exod 20:14 and Deut 5:18.

[2:11]  ⁴⁸ sn A quotation from Exod 20:13 and Deut 5:17.

[2:18]  ⁴⁹ tn There is considerable doubt about where the words of the “someone” end and where James’ reply begins. Some see the quotation running to the end of v. 18; others to the end of v. 19. But most punctuate as shown above. The “someone” is then an objector, and the sense of his words is something like, “Some have faith; others have works; don’t expect everyone to have both.” James’ reply is that faith cannot exist or be seen without works.

[2:18]  ⁵⁰ tn Or “from.”

[2:1]  ⁵¹ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.

[2:1]  ⁵² tn Or “partiality.”

[2:1]  ⁵³ tn Grk “do not have faith with personal prejudice,” with emphasis on the last phrase.

[2:1]  ⁵⁴ tn Grk “our Lord Jesus Christ of glory.” Here δόξης (doxhs) has been translated as an attributive genitive.

[2:16]  ⁵⁵ tn Grk “what is necessary for the body.”

[1:16]  ⁵⁶ tn “And” is not in Greek, but is supplied for the sake of English style.

[1:16]  ⁵⁷ tn Or “going.” Though the participle is anarthrous, so also is the subject. Thus, the participle could be either adverbial or adjectival.

[1:16]  ⁵⁸ tn Grk “(who go/going) according to their own lusts.”

[1:16]  ⁵⁹ tn Grk “and their mouth speaks bombastic things.”

[1:16]  ⁶⁰ sn Enchanting folks (Grk “awing faces”) refers to the fact that the speeches of these false teachers are powerful and seductive.

[1:16]  ⁶¹ tn Or “to their own advantage.”

[1:17]  ⁶² tn Grk “words.” In conjunction with προεῖπον (proeipon), however, the meaning of the construction is that the apostles uttered prophecies.

[1:17]  ⁶³ sn This verse parallels 2 Pet 3:2 both conceptually and in much of the verbiage. There is one important difference, however: In 2 Pet 3:2 the prophets and apostles speak; here, just the apostles speak. This makes good sense if Jude is using 2 Peter as his main source and is urging his readers to go back to the authoritative writings, both OT and now especially NT.

[1:18]  ⁶⁴ tn Grk “be.”

[1:18]  ⁶⁵ tn Grk “going according to their own desires of ungodliness.”